I have often wondered about those accidental inventions. Or the lucky blokes who made them. I’m sure some have even lost their heads, literally, from such misadventures. Let’s revisit some of them.
Tasty Mistakes my hips wish didn’t happen:
Chocolate Chip Cookies Ruth Wakefield ran the Toll House Inn near Boston, Massachusetts. She was busy with the chores at the inn. While mixing a batch of cookies, she found out that she was out of baker’s chocolate. She broke some sweetened chocolate into small pieces and added them to the cookie dough hoping they would melt and get absorbed by the dough. When she took them out of the oven the chocolate had not melted. They are named Toll House Cookies after Ruth Wakefield’s Inn and are the most popular variety of cookie in America today.
Ice Cream Cones Some food vendors had stands near each other at the 1904 World’s Fair in St. Louis, Missouri. Ernist Hamwi was selling Zalabia, a wafer-thin Persian waffle. The vendor next to Hamwi soon ran out of dishes to serve his ice cream in. Hamwi rolled one of his waffles into a cone shape and went over to the other vendor and topped it with a scoop of ice cream. The “World’s Fair Cornucopia,” as it was called, became the ice cream cone. While the story of Hamwi’s cone is the romantic favorite, another man got the patent for it. An Italian named Italo Marchiony was running a pushcart business in New York City selling lemon ice in a cone. He used a paper cone then a pastry one. Italo applied for a patent in September of 1903, and got it in December, which was six months before the St. Louis World’s Fair started.
Potato Chips The potato chip came about in 1853 in Saratoga Springs, New York, from pure pique. The Carey Moon Lake House in Saratoga Springs was a popular vacation spot for the wealthy people of the area. A Native American chef named George Crum worked in the kitchen there. A customer sent back his plate of potatoes several times. He wanted them cut thinner and fried longer. Crum had a bad temper. To get even he sliced the potatoes very thin, fried them until they were crisps, and salted them. But to everyone’s surprise the customer loved it. The news spread fast about these crispy potatoes known as Saratoga chips after the town where they were introduced. Potato chips are America’s number one snack food.
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Fun Mistakes:
Silly Putty The lowly sand has a chemical element called silicon. During World War II, The United States government needed rubber for airplane and truck tires, boots for soldiers, and many other uses. Rubber was difficult to get while silicon was readily available. Companies were asked to try to make a rubber substitute out of silicon. At General Electric, in 1944, James Wright was running a test on silicon oil where he added boric acidl. The test the result was a gooey blob that bounced. Unfortunately, this blob had no real use. Samples of it were sent to engineers all over the world, but it wasn’t of any use to anyone. In 1949 Peter Hodgson decided the goo made a great toy. He placed it in plastic eggs and called it Silly Putty.
Frisbee The original Frisbee was spelled Frisbie and it was made of metal. It was a pie tin named Frisbie Pies because they came from the Frisbie Bakery in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Some Yale University students started playing with the tins after eating the pies. They threw them to each other while yelling, “Frisbie!” Walter F. Morrison made the first plastic model of a Frisbee. The Wham-O Manufacturing Company of San Gabriel, California, began making Frisbee discs in the mid 1950’s.
Slinky During World War II, in 1943, Richard James, an engineer in the United States Navy. While on a ship he observed how a spring that fell on the floor flipped-flopped and bounced around. When he got home, Richard and his wife Betty took a long steel ribbon and tightly coiled it into a spiral. They started production in 1945. From that spring’s accidental fall came a toy that kids have enjoyed for over 50 years, called the Slinky. More than 2 million Slinkies have been sold since it was invented. The only change to the Slinky has been to crimp the ends for safety. Richard’s wife, Betty James is now the company President and the Slinky is still hopping, skipping, and bouncing across floors all over America.
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Weird Stickies:
Post-it Notes A sticky item that sticks better than Silly Putty is Post-it Notes. Everyone knows that Post-it notes are those little self-stick notepapers that used to only come in yellow. Just about everyone uses them. In 1970 Spencer Silver was working for 3M company trying to find a strong adhesive (glue). The new adhesive Silver invented turned out to be weaker than anything they already made. It would stick to things, but it could be easily lifted off. No one knew what to do with it. About four years later another 3M scientist, Arthur Fry, noticed that the markers he used in his hymnal kept falling out. He remembered Silver’s weak glue and put some of it on the markers. The weak glue worked and the markers stayed in place, but they could be lifted off without ripping the hymnal pages. Ten years after Spencer Silver invented his super weak adhesive, 3M started selling the Post-it Notes nationwide in 1980. Now they are one of the most popular items for the office and people use them in all sizes and colors.
Post-it Mario
Velcro There is another sticky invention that doesn’t use goo or glue. It’s Velcro. In 1948, a Swiss engineer named George de Mestral returned from a walk and found some cockleburs stuck on his clothes. He took the burrs and examined them under a microscope. The cocklebur is a maze of thin strands with hooks (or burrs) on the end that cling to cloth and animal fur. It took de Mestral another eight years of experimenting to develop and perfect his invention. The invention is called a hook-and-loop fastener in general, but de Mestral named it Velcro for his company. Like the Post-it Notes, Velcro is easily separated and now comes in many shapes, sizes, and colors. Velcro is used in everything from shoes, clothes, and watchbands to space suits and spacecraft.
I can’t imagine life without my chocolate chip cookies, especially at my friend Melissa’s annual cookie exchange. I would be banished from the friendship! Or my husband’s office without the post-it notes. Ginny, his secretary would have to read his mind in order to bill insurance companies. Accidental inventions do happen. Serendipity is alive and well.
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chocolate chip cookie,
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Human Interest,
Humor,
ice cream cone,
mistakes that worked,
post-it notes,
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silly putty,
slinky,
velcro